传世金属乐队Metallica介绍

    中文介绍：Metallic，队如其名，是世界首屈一指的重金属乐队，比Bon Jovi更有名，比"枪花"更严肃。Metallica在不断的创造着新的音乐元素：Thrash Metal、Death Metal、Speed Metal、Black Metal，他们不甘心看着重金属摇滚走向坟墓，但是一切努力都将化作通往墓场的鬼哭狼嚎。

    我们应该拿出勇气，像辞别戴妃灵枢一般在墓遭旁鼓掌相送。生于丹麦长在洛杉矾的Ulrich旱就倾心音乐，还在英国旅游度假期间，他就倡导了如今被称作"英国重金属折浪潮"的运动（NWOBHM）。

  当70年代的重金属元者们，诸如Deep Purple、Jo Jo Gune、Blue、UFO、Sweet、Alice Cooper等日渐衰落之际，Iron Maiden、Angelwitch、Samson、Venom正初露锋芒，其中对Metallica产生较大影响的当属Diamond Head。

    从英国度完3个月的假期后，Ulrich回到了美国，然后他在当地的"Recyder"上发了一则小广告，招募乐队合作伙伴。就这样，当时还未"发育成熟 "的吉他手儿James Hetfield（日后他又成了Metallica的主唱）和鼓手Ulrich组成了最初的Metallica。

    1982年，他们发行了专辑"Metal Massacre"，受到了地下摇滚乐刊的好评，当时的贝司于是Ron McGovney，随后在七月份又推出了一张七首歌的Demo带"No Life'Til Leather"。

  除了包括上张专辑中的"Hit The Lights"、"Mechanix"、"Jump In The Fire"和"Motorbreath"之外，还收录了"Seek And Discovery"、"Metal Militia"和"Phantom Load"三支新曲。

    只可惜Demo带并没有正式发行，而只被人们拷贝传听。1982年11月日，他们在旧金山的O1d Waldorf开了一场演唱会，这时他们己有了主音吉他手Dave Mustaine。

  然而他们也就在是在这场演唱会上发现了日后取代Dave的现任主音吉他手Kirk Hammett。  在Brain Slagel的建议下，Metallica又从Trauma乐队中挖来了极有天赋的贝司手Cliff Burton。

  83年临近，Metallica信心也倍增，他们把"No Life'Til Leather"小样寄给了纽约的一家唱片店主John Zazula,别名Johnny Zee，Zee向各大唱片公司极力推荐他们，却被嗤之为毫无商业价值的垃圾。

    Zee被Metallica一路风尘仆仆地从西海岸驱车来到东海岸见他的热忱而感动，他打出了自己的独立旗帜Megaforce Records，力推Metallica。然而他们不得不以＄4．99的低价售出Demo以资助树旗。

  5月份，他们正式灌制了第一张唱片，随即在东海岸的俱乐部中作热身演出，Dave Mustaine由于酗酒而被乐队开除。  Kirk Hammett在4月1日接到电话邀请他到纽约试听Metallica，而他却认为这是某人开的愚人节玩笑。

  直到他收到机票才意识到他们是认真的。二周后，他们录制了首张专辑，原名为"Metal Up Your Ass"，封套是一只从马桶里伸出的舞剑的手臂，遇发行商Pelativity拒绝后，Metallica将专辑更名为"Ki11 'Em A11"以报复。

    其中包括除"No Life"中的七首之外，还有"Whiplash"、"No Remorse"、"Metal Mi1iti"和器乐曲"Anaesthesia-Pulling teeth"。

  在六月比利时的'84 Heavy Sound节之后，Metallica于七月不失时机地推出"Ride The Lighting"----被判处死刑的囚犯坐电椅时的感觉。  专辑在英国排上第87位，成绩不俗，其中一曲"For Whom The Bell Tolls"的重新混音版本与Reload中的主打歌"The Memory Remains"被作为单曲于今年11月与新专辑"Reload"同期发行。

  1986年3月"Master Of Peppets"在洛杉矶录制完成并于全球发售。  它标志着一个时代的结束----不仅是因为它打进了US TOP30，还因为这是第一张使圈内人汗颜的专辑。

  不同于"Ride The Lighting"，这张专辑挑不出最佳单曲另盘发售----因为专辑首首都是最佳主曲。1986年9月，Metallica开始了在欧洲的巡回演出。  在伦敦的Hammersmith Oden作短停留后，他们飞往了斯堪的那维亚。

  然而悲剧此时发生了：那年9月27日黄昏，Meta11ica的旅行巴士在通往Copenhagen的公路上发生了车祸，Cliff Burton丧生。它似乎也宣告了Metallica灭亡之日的到来。

    作为乐队的核心人物，Burton的言行影响了乐队的每一个人。他是不可替代的。然而他们相信Burton的在天之灵也不愿看到Metallica就此销声匿迹。10月28日，他们开试听会招募新贝司手。

  Jason Newsted在48小时内学会了所有Metallica的歌曲，然后去应征。  当他被问及想演奏哪首时，他说"随你们的便。"组员告诉他"欢迎加入 Metallica，队形也就一直保持至今。

  1988年9月，第四张专辑"。。。And Justice For All"一经发售，便同时打进UK和US T0P 10，名字取自于美国独立宣言的最后一行，是对充斥于鳖个专辑的Justice的绝妙反讽。

    此后的事不必我多费唇舌，自1991年使他们获利颇丰的同名专辑后，"Load"与"Reload"分别于1997年和1998年相继推出，在Trip-Hop、Hip-Hop、Trance、Techno、 Grunge各种音乐元素大行其道的今天，Heavy Metal命运何去何从？U2以"Pop"给流行重下定义，并向世人证明他们也能将Hip-Hop、Trance玩得转；Metallica也和 Obital一道将"Satan"改编为带有Techno风格的电彤"Spawn"主题曲，"Load"与"Reload"还是给我们带来了不小的失望, 但是不可否认Metallica是最棒的乐队,毕竟它给我们带来过最精彩的音乐。

    英文介绍：Metallica was formed in Los Angeles, California, in 1981 by drummer and former tennis prodigy Lars Ulrich and guitarist and vocalist James Hetfield, who met after Lars Ulrich placed a classified advertisement in the American publication The Recycler。

     Bassist Ron McGovney was an original member, and the band used several transient guitar players, such as Brad Parker and Jeff Warner。

     Their first session played was in Lars Ulrich's garage。 At that time there were only three members, Lars Ulrich, James Hetfield, and Lloyd Grant。

     Ron McGovney joined a couple of days later。 Metallica got its name when drummer Lars Ulrich was helping San Francisco area metal promoter Ron Quintana pick out a name for a new magazine to promote metal and the New Wave Of British Heavy Metal bands。

     Quintana came up with two suggestions: "Metallica" and "Metal Mania。" Lars suggested that the name Metallica was lame and told him to use Metal Mania。

     Lars then decided to use Metallica as the name for the band he and James Hetfield had just started。

  In early 1982, Metallica recorded "Hit the Lights" for the first Metal Massacre compilation。   Guitarist Lloyd Grant was brought in to do the solos on the track but was never a full member of the band。

   Desperate for a full time lead guitarist, Ulrich posted an ad in the local newspapers。   Dave Mustaine from Huntington Beach, California, a guitarist from the band Panic responded, and upon arrival started a sound check。

     Ulrich and Hetfield were so impressed with Mustaine's warm up and equipment that they asked him to join before actually auditioning。

     A few months later the band recorded a full demo, "No Life 'Till Leather", which quickly drew attention on the underground tape trading circuit。

     Conflicts with Mustaine eventually caused McGovney to leave the band, and he was replaced by Cliff Burton from Castro Valley, California, lured from his band Trauma in exchange for the other members of Metallica relocating to the San Francisco area。

    Upon arriving in El Cerrito, California, the group quickly built a healthy local following in the Bay Area Thrash Scene via word-of-mouth and live performances。

     Metallica then traveled to New York in 1983 at the urging of local promoters Jon and Marsha Zazula, and after a few gigs the band signed with the Zazulas' brand new label, Megaforce Records。

     Shortly after arriving in New York, Mustaine was fired due to various disruptive, unproductive behaviors all related to alcoholism and other addictions。

     Kirk Hammett was drafted from Exodus to replace him。 Mustaine would go on to create the thrash metal band Megadeth。

   A pupil of Joe Satriani, Hammett brought to the band a more melodic and progressive guitar style quite different from Mustaine。

     This would become more apparent after "Ride the Lightning", the first album to feature Hammett's songwriting。

  After Hammett joined the band, the classic Metallica line-up was installed, Kirk Hammett on guitar, Lars Ulrich on drums, James Hetfield on guitar and vocals, and finally Cliff Burton on bass。

     Many saw Metallica's formation as a direct reaction to the prevalent rock and roll music of the early 1980s。

   Inspired by bands such as Motörhead, Diamond Head (declaring in the sleeve notes of 1998's "Garage Inc。

    " that "two heads were better than one"), Saxon and other bands of the New Wave of British Heavy Metal, as well as from hardcore punk bands like the Misfits and Discharge。

     Yet Metallica's fusion of these influences transcended mere stylistic mashup, creating a heavy, hard, dynamic, yet capably melodic style perfectly reinforced by the evolving depth of their subjects, lyrics and composition, most noticeably starting with "Ride the Lightning"。

    Metallica's first album, "Kill 'Em All", was released in 1983 on Megaforce Records。 The album set the template that they would follow throughout the 1980s, prominently featuring the heavy vocals and aggressive rhythm guitar of James Hetfield。

     "Kill 'Em All" did not have huge sales after its initial release, but it did establish Metallica a loyal fan following in the growing 'underground metal' scene。

     A year later Metallica released their second album for Megaforce, "Ride the Lightning"。

   The new album expanded their form with longer songs that featured lyrical and instrumental growth that rose above some of the playing on "Kill 'Em All"。

     One significant development on "Ride the Lightning", the song "Fade to Black", presented a slower, more introspective lyric, musing on the perspective of someone contemplating suicide。

     Indeed "Fade to Black" represents the first such song in a tradition that would come to include "Welcome Home (Sanitarium)" and "One"。

     The inclusion of songs with these slower, more ballad-like passages and psychologically sensitive lyrics demonstrates one of the important factors that distinguished Metallica from most other thrash metal bands such as Anthrax, Slayer, and Megadeth, whose musical ability rivalled Metallica, but whose artistry never quite matched。

    This development as songwriters continued with "Master of Puppets", which many consider Metallica's finest album, as well as "The Black Album"。

     "Master of Puppets" also featured the compositional influence of bassist Cliff Burton more than any other Metallica album。

   "Master of puppets" was to be the last record with Cliff Burton, who tragically died in a bus accident on September 27, 1986, in rural Sweden。

     Later, Jason Newsted joined the band as a new bassist。 He stayed in the band for 15 years and has released 5 Albums with Metallica ( 。

    。And Justice For All, Metallica, Load, Reload, Garage Inc。) and appeared on the official Metallica Concert DVDs entitled Live Shit: Binge and Purge, Cunning Stunts and S&M。

     In the Year 2000, there were some arguments between James Hetfield and Jason Newsted。

   This was basically because Metallica did not listen to Jason's musical ideas; Jason only being credited for 3 songs out of the 5 albums he was in。

    Jason then left the Band and helped a fairly unknown band called Echobrain to release their album。

   Once they successfully released it he left Echobrain and joined Ozzy Ozbourne's band。   Jason is now a member of Tommy Lee's band "Rock Star Supernova," however he will be out of that band for approximately 9 months after suffering back injuries when trying to catch his amp head which fell off his stack。

     When Metallica released "St。 Anger" in 2003, it received mixed reactions from fans and critics, but hit #1 on the Billboard 200 in its first week, after which sales plummetted and it became Metallica's poorest overall seller to date。

     While producing, the band searched for a new bassist。 His name was: Robert Trujillo。

  Now, as of March 17th, using Rick Rubin's critically acclaimed producing abilities, they will start to record the newest album which is as of yet untitled。

     The writing stage is complete and recording will begin in May with an expected release of late fall or in 2008。

   After it`ll be released a world tour will follow。   It is also rumored that they will record 'The Ecstasy Of Gold' (a song from the film The Good The Bad & The Ugly) to start the album as they have opend live shows with this track for years, most notably on the DVD/CD S&M where the San Fransisco Symphony Orcestra (conducted by Michael Kamen) play it。

    In January 2005 "Metallica: Some Kind Of Monster" is released。 It is a behind the scene documentary filmed during the recording of the album St。

     Anger containing interviews with the band and former bandmembers。